Calendar for the Management of Beekeeping
January
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From the Rev. Langstroth: In cold climates, bees, in this month, are usually in a state of repose. If the colonies have had proper attention in the Fall, nothing will ordinarily need to be done, that will excite them to an activity always more or less injurious. In very cold climates, however, when a severe temperature is of very long continuance, it will be necessary, if the hives are not most thoroughly protected, to bring them into a warm room to thaw out the ice, and allow the bees to get access to their supplies. If the holes in the spare honey-board are left open, the hives may be set low, and if completely covered with snow, so much the better for the bees, if proper precautions are used to prevent the water from entering them, in case of a sudden thaw. In January there are occasionally, even in very cold latitudes, days so pleasant that bees can fly out to discharge their feces; do not confine them, even if some are lost on the snow. In this month clean the bottom-boards, but disturb the bees as little as possible. |
Apiary Activities for this Month
On the days where the weather gets above 45°F (7°C), the bees will take cleansing flights.
- This is a good time check the food stores, and add food as necessary. A malleable patty such as Hive Alive Fondant is recommended as it is easier for the bees to digest, helping to offset them getting symptoms of dysentery. Do not add pollen patties though: it is too early to encourage the queen to start laying eggs for the Spring.
- If the weather is warm enough, use a bent rod to pull as many dead bees out from the bottom board as possible. Ensure the entrance reducer and mouse guard are re-installed after this.
Whenever you can get out to the apiary, ensure the hive entrances are clear of snow and dead bees.
Other Activities for this Month
This is a good time to get everything in order for the forthcoming Spring season: The holidays are past, and Winter is certainly set in.
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Hive Boxes in Storage
Frames in Storage
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Hive Tools
Other
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
More information is available about Integrated Pest Management.
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Pest Management Controls |
Addresses |
| Cultural Options | |
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Strap the hives to a secure stand. This helps to ensure the larger critters cannot push the hives over (e.g., by a deer rubbing against the side), and stops racoons from opening the top. |
High winds, large critters, & medium sized critters |
| Genetic Options | |
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(none at this time) |
(n/a) |
| Chemical Options | |
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(none at this time) |
(n/a) |
Pests not Addressed by this IPM Matrix
These pests are not addressed by the IPM matrix above. If you experience damage from these pests, contact your local bee inspector or the bee club.
- Bears - electric fencing is needed here and you will need to consult someone with experience about that.
More Information
Published Articles
- Wintering Bees in Cold Climates: Fall Management, Preparing for Winter, How to be a Good Beekeeper in January, and Diagnosing Spring Colony Deadouts, by Dr. Christina Wahl, Dr. Linda Mizer, & Dr. Diana Sammataro
Books and Papers
- A Practical Treatise on the Hive and Honey-Bee, 2d Edition, 1857, by the Rev. Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth
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Disclaimer: eMail comments to me at BeekeepingBoK @ Gmail.com. The process of beekeeping can cause injury or be a health hazard unless proper precautions are taken, including the wearing of appropriate protective equipment. |
